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CASE – Center for Social and Economic Research
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422 Publications

Latest Publications

At CASE, we publish reports, analyses, and commentaries on the economy, labor market, and public policy. Our studies help us better understand social and economic challenges in Poland and around the world.

Exploring the Entrepreneurial Potential of Belarusian Migrants in the EU

This Working Paper aims to deepen the understanding of Belarusian migration to the EU, with a particular focus on entrepreneurship among Belarusian migrants.

Blueprint and Methodology for Innovative Governance

The publication is a key deliverable within the BioBeo project, funded under the Horizon Europe program. It provides a structured approach to integrating bioeconomy education into school curricula across different institutional and social environments. The report examines the actors involved in curriculum decision-making, from policymakers and school administrators to parents, students, and businesses. It categorizes existing procedures for introducing new content into schools, whether initiated by teachers, school heads, or government authorities. Key barriers—legal, organizational, and socio-cultural—are identified, along with strategies to overcome them. A central theme is the importance of inclusive governance in education, advocating for participatory decision-making that involves various stakeholders. Recommendations highlight the need for flexibility in curriculum design, adequate funding, professional support for teachers, and depoliticization of educational content. The report concludes by situating these findings within the broader BioBeo curriculum framework, reinforcing the role of education in fostering a sustainable and circular bioeconomy.

Labour, Migration and Social Policies

Labour, Migration and Social Policies

Assessing the Economic Resilience of the Republic of Moldova in the Context of Recent Security Threats

The report provides an in-depth evaluation of Moldova's capacity to adapt to crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the energy crisis, and geopolitical tensions resulting from Russia's war in Ukraine. It examines Moldova's position as a small, open economy with significant exposure to external shocks, highlighting vulnerabilities in energy imports, trade imbalances, and political stability. Key topics include Moldova's shift toward European integration, with milestones such as EU candidate status and expanded trade relations, which have helped reduce reliance on Russia. The report analyzes macroeconomic trends, financial sector stability, and energy dependency, identifying progress in institutional reforms and external support mechanisms that have bolstered the economy. However, ongoing challenges remain, such as inflation, fiscal deficits, and the unresolved Transnistria conflict, requiring targeted policy reforms and sustainable strategies for long-term resilience.

Trade & Macro

180th mBank-CASE Seminar Proceedings: BNPL: Buy Now Pay Later. Deferred Payment– An Established Idea Gaining Traction

The publication examines the growing popularity and implications of the Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) financial model in Poland and globally. It features expert analyses and discussions from a seminar held on March 14, 2024, including insights from key players like PayPo, PKO BP, and the Credit Information Bureau (BIK). The publication focuses on: BNPL Evolution and Success: Originating in Sweden, BNPL has transformed global online shopping, offering deferred payment options as an alternative to credit cards. Poland's BNPL market, still in its infancy, shows rapid growth due to firms like PayPo, Twisto, and Allegro Pay. Comparison with Credit Cards: Unlike credit cards, BNPL offers simpler, targeted transactions that resonate with younger demographics and more women. It avoids the complexities and high fees associated with traditional credit cards, fostering higher adoption rates. Polish Market Dynamics: By the end of 2023, nearly 2 million Poles had used BNPL, representing 12% of active borrowers. PayPo leads the market with innovative features, while PKO BP introduces seamless banking integration for deferred payments. Challenges and Growth Potential: Despite its success, establishing a universal BNPL business model remains challenging. However, its consumer-centric approach signals continued growth, especially as it aligns with modern purchasing behaviors. The report provides a nuanced understanding of how BNPL reshapes financial landscapes, blending fintech innovation with traditional banking.

Fiscal Policies and Growth

Fiscal Policies and Growth

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238 Projects

Latest projects

Study on ‘EU school scheme from the regional and local perspective: enhancing impact, alignment, and integration into food strategies’

The current EU school fruit, vegetables and milk scheme, in force since August 2017, aims to support the distribution of selected agricultural products to school children. The main policy objective is

Fact or Fiction: Developing Inquiry and Critical Thinking Skills in Youth

Our mission is to inspire youth aged 12-19 to practice intelligent disobedience—doing what’s right despite pressures. Our main objective is to equip adolescents with the skills to confidently navigate the rapidly evolving digital environment and develop key competencies and digital resilience for independent functioning in adulthood. The project will be based on the participatory approach to ensure our workshop scenarios are evidence-based and address the real needs of today's youth and educators. Outputs’ testing and implementation will equip participants with essential critical thinking skills for navigating a complex online world. On-site and international online multiplier events will ensure widespread dissemination of our activities and results, amplifying the impact among adolescents and educators. Participants will explore social impact, cognitive biases, and topics like economics and online culture, sharpening their ability to distinguish facts from opinions. Educators will gain insights into digital education tools and strategies for nurturing students’ CT and information verification skills. Deliverables include 18 CT workshops for youth, supported by a report with themed scenarios and exercises for integrating CT skills into daily lessons.

Labour, Migration and Social Policies

Labour, Migration and Social Policies

The challenges of VAT beyond VAT in the Digital Age

This study should consider possible improvements to the EU VAT system and assess their feasibility and likely consequences, based on the analysis of its current weaknesses, gaps, inefficiencies. As requested by the ToR, this requires a forward-looking analysis and prospective reflection, combined with and based on the retrospective assessment of the current situation. The study requires, on the one side, a thorough re-assessment of well-known problems of the EU VAT systems, which have been discussed for years by policymakers, scholars and in courts and tribunals, the solutions to which have already been long proposed in the academic as well as policy arena. On the other side, it requires a fresh view to identify new solutions to old problems, new problems and their possible solutions, as well as potential unknown problems, i.e. those that may appear in the future given the current economic, political and legal evolution and the megatrends of the EU and global society. Operationally, the activities needed to achieve the objectives of the study are straightforward. For each of the areas or angle of analysis, the study team will have to: Identify existing weaknesses and challenges of the EU VAT system, including those that may appear in the future given the likely evolution of the current situation. Design solutions to the problems identified. Assess the feasibility and consequences of the solutions identified.

Fiscal Policies and Growth

Fiscal Policies and Growth

Statut and mission

The aim of the CASE – Center for Social and Economic Research Foundation is to develop knowledge about the economy and society and to support scientific research in this field.

Events

CASE events such as seminars, workshops and webinars provide a space for discussion with experts on economic and social challenges.

185th mBank-CASE Seminar – “AI for good” – innovations to help the climate, environment and agriculture

185th mBank-CASE Seminar April 3, 2025, 3:00 PM – 4:30 PM "AI for good" – innovations to help the climate, environment and agriculture The event will be held in Polish. Speakers: Dr. Ewa Balcerow

Sustainable policies

184th mBank-CASE Seminar – “Why do we still need privatization?”

184th mBank-CASE Seminar March 20, 2025, 3:00 PM – 4:30 PM Why Do We Still Need Privatization? The event will be held in Polish. Speakers: Dr. Ewa BalcerowiczChair of the Board of the CASE – Cent

Trade & Macro

Invitation: Webinar on Economic Resilience in Armenia, Georgia, and Moldova

This webinar will examine three in-depth country reports on Armenia, Georgia, and Moldova, analysing their economic resilience, key vulnerabilities, and policy challenges. These reports provide a comprehensive assessment of macroeconomic stability, financial sector developments, external trade relations, and energy security, while also examining the impact of recent geopolitical shifts, including Russia's invasion of Ukraine and regional conflicts.

Economic dynamics in the former Soviet Union countries amidst global shocks

This event will examine the economic developments and transformations in the countries of the former Soviet Union amidst the ongoing war in Ukraine and other external shocks. The discussion will focus on seven Eastern European nations—Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, Russia, and Ukraine—providing insights into their macroeconomic performance, financial stability, trade, investment, migration, and energy sector dynamics.

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CASE Experts in the media

We publish commentaries and analysis on current socio-economic events. We share our knowledge in the press, radio, and online. We respond to changes and inform about their impact.

Independent analysis of the tobacco market

In 2023, the value of the market for traditional tobacco products in Poland will amount to PLN 42.9 billion, of which cigarettes will account for PLN 40.2 billion, according to analyses conducted by Dr Jan Hagemejer, President at CASE – Centre for Social and Economic Research. The ever-increasing share of novelty products and changing excise policies are key factors shaping the future of the tobacco market. – The market share of novelty products, whose sales have grown dynamically in recent years and whose prices will rise more slowly than those of traditional products, is expected to continue to increase. At the same time, government policies, driven not only by the need to maximise budget revenues but also by the social costs of tobacco consumption, are expected to aim at gradually reducing the total sales of all tobacco products," says Dr Jan Hagemejer. CASE's robust analyses also take into account the impact of excise policy on the market and consumer behaviour. Differences in excise rates between EU countries encourage cross-border shopping, which was particularly evident in Poland, which had the second lowest excise rates in the EU. – A certain proportion of domestic sales were purchases from abroad, including purchases in areas near the borders with the Czech Republic, Germany and Slovakia, CASE President explained. The government's excise policy tries to balance budgetary needs and health objectives, but its dynamic changes affect companies' strategies. – Recent changes in excise policy reflect both objectives. It is worth noting, however, that the time allowed to adapt to the new regulations was very short, which is important both in terms of short-term adjustments to formal requirements and medium-term employment and investment policies of companies, notes Dr Jan Hagemejer.

Interview with Karolina Zubel and Agnieszka Maj

The interview in Civil Society Organisations’ Bulletin with Agnieszka Maj and Karolina Zubel discusses their study on affordable and sustainable housing in the EU. They emphasize the role of digitalization—such as AI, digital building permits, and databases—in improving efficiency, though barriers like high costs, traditional stakeholder resistance, and lack of incentives limit its impact. The co-authors highlight the importance of social economy entities, such as cooperatives and limited-profit housing associations, in providing cost-effective, stable housing solutions. They cite Vienna’s model, where non-profit housing accounts for 30% of production, helping to keep rents affordable. In their recommendations, the authors call for an EU-wide “New European Deal for Affordable Sustainable Social Housing” and a “Housing Directive” to harmonize policies. They suggest expanding social housing to middle-income families, integrating digital tools, and focusing on both new construction and renovations. Looking ahead, they stress the need for research on AI's role in cost savings, inclusive urban planning, and innovative housing models to enhance affordability and sustainability across the EU.

Marek Dąbrowski on Ruble’s Slide in Newsweek

The Russian ruble has faced a significant depreciation, reaching a 32-month low of nearly 115 to $1 in recent days. According to Marek Dabrowski, this sharp decline, amounting to a 23% drop since Augu

Jan Hagemejer in PAP Mediaroom

Jan Hagemejer, President of CASE, shared key findings from the report titled "The Impact of Tobacco Product Manufacturing on the Polish Economy" during a press conference at the PAP Press Center. P

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